Effectiveness and comprehensive study of vancomycin antibiotic on human heath: Current issue and perspectives

Abstract

Redman syndrome (RMS) is the most common allergic reaction to vancomycin. This syndrome mainly occurs because of either a rapid infusion of vancomycin or the first administration of the drug, also known as vancomycin flushing syndrome (VFS), The term Redman refers to the visual manifestation of the syndrome. RMS was named because of its characteristics symptoms, is the appearance of a red rash or redness on the skin. Affecting individual develop a red discoloration on their face, neck and upper body. It may also involve the lower extremities like the legs to a lesser degree. VFS would appear about 4-10 minutes after starting infusion and it may assist for 36-48 hour. The patient having vancomycin dose may be showing an occurrence of breathing related problems, for example a decrease in partial pressure of oxygen results in breathlessness and a sudden drop of vitals such as pulse rate and heart rate. Redman syndrome is an anaphylactoid, trigger by the mass cells and the basophile activation. This reaction does not involve the immune system antibody- IgE mediator response. The release of histamine and inflammatory mediator contributes to the presenting symptoms. The incidence and prevalence of Redman syndrome estimates shows that it occurs in approximately 3-47% of patients receiving vancomycin. This rate highlights the importance of promptly recognizing and managing the syndrome to minimize its impact on patient health and well-being.