Genetic Variation and Population Genetics of Haemonchus contortus in Bangladesh

Abstract

This study explores the genetic diversity and population structure of Haemonchus contortus, a common gastrointestinal parasite in ruminants, in Bangladesh. We used ITS-2 and cox1 gene sequences to analyze genetic variations, diversity patterns, population structures, gene flow, and their implications for anthelmintic resistance. Samples were collected from different geographic zones, followed by DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing. Results showed significant genetic variations, with 19 ITS-2 genotypes and 77 cox1 haplotypes. The study identifies distinct population clusters with high levels of gene flow (89.2%), which indicates strong genetic connectivity across regions. The study also underlines the role of genetic diversity in driving resistance to anthelmintics. These findings provide critical insights into the evolutionary dynamics of H. contortus, addressing gaps in regional studies and offering a framework for better management strategies against parasitic infections. Future studies should explore wider geographic scales and employ more sophisticated genetic reagents to further dissect the genetics of H. contortus.